NOTE: If you are not familiar with native applications, then it needs explanation. Windows provide two type of API. Native API is used by some windows components like kernel level drivers and system process aka csrss.
If you have problems loading the Windows Server kernel, you will most likely need to reinstall the operating system. Back to the Top. This Registry key is used to specify the hardware configuration of hardware components when the computer is started. If you have problems during the kernel initialization sequence, you may trying booting to the Last Known Good configuration.
Session Manager Subsystem or smss. Its main function include. It Starts the kernel and user modes of the Win32 subsystem win32k. It is also responsible for loading user profile. Winlogon then Starts Lsass. If Windows Server has detected any new devices during the startup process, they will automatically be assigned system resources. If the device is Plug and Play and the needed driver can be obtained from the Driver.
Device detection occurs asynchronously with the initial user logon process when the system is started. If the needed driver files are not found, the user will be prompted to provide them.
If you have already installed the driver, then a simple reboot should detect the driver. Most of the problem that occur at this stage can be corrected by a reboot.
I have explained how you can workaround most of the common errors encountered during the booting process. Also I have explained the actual sequence of steps happening during each stage of the booting process.
This will help you understand the actual cause behind the error and thus diagnosis the issue better. You can also find a brief explanation about important files and executables that come under the various stages.
About the author:. Hari Vishnu has been working with Bobcares for 10 months. He has expertise both in Windows and Linux administration. At present he is concentrating more on Windows server administration. Dear Hari, The article u plublished here was very usefull for system admins. I need more support from ur side for improving my skills in administering win server I have been working in Kerala State Electronics dev corpn for 1 year,in these periode I met lot of technical issues wth winodws server ,ur article absolutely helps me to solve these.
Any way thnks for ur support. Regards sm. Really i m appreciating to upload this article.. Just throwing out a question to see if you can offer any thoughts. Below is a bunch of background info then the questions at the bottom. This includes all of the software, the Novell clients settings, the work domain settings, etc.
This route for setting up a new laptop, cloning saves days, if not weeks, to get the new laptop setup, so I do not want to install all of the software from a completely clean install.
However, once I am fully logged in, the new laptop speed and handling software program loading, opening files, etc. But that login time is killing me, like more than 5 minutes. I have removed drivers, software, looked at many options for the slow login, but no luck. Also, booting in Safe Mode is faster but still slightly slow. But this excludes the domain settigns, the Novell client software, etc.
Also, I have just redone a new profile just in cased the ntuser. This did not change the boot duration. This suppgest that between the POST and the smss. Thus becoming bloated with old hardware info and settings that are not needed? Hence thi is slowing my login process while Win XP sorts through this to then load my user profile? Mike [email protected]. Hello hari Vishnu, This is very very hepful post and best for the subject I have lloked out in google.
Hope to get some more post on Windows Server …. It is very helpful for us so i request you please up to date this sit. Or click here to learn more. When you visit any website, it may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. This information might be about you, your preferences or your device and is mostly used to make the site work as you expect it to.
The information does not usually directly identify you, but it can give you a more personalized web experience. The fixmbr command is only supported on xbased computers. Format formats a disk. Help lists all the commands that the Recovery Console supports. Logon displays detected installations of Windows and requests the local Administrator password for those installations.
Use this command to move to another installation or subdirectory. Map displays currently active device mappings. ARC is the format that is used for the Boot. Md Mkdir creates a directory. The command operates only in the system directories of the current Windows installation, in removable media, in the root directory of any hard disk partition, or in the local installation sources. Rd rmdir removes a directory.
Ren rename renames a single file. You cannot specify a new drive or path as the target. You can install the Recovery Console on a working computer so that it is available to use if you cannot start Windows. This precautionary measure can save you time if you must use the Recovery Console.
You must be logged on as Administrator or as a member of the Administrators group to complete this procedure. When you receive the message that states that the Recovery Console is successfully installed, click OK. As a precaution, do not remove the Recovery Console. However, if you want to remove the Recovery Console, you must do so manually.
Turn on the Show hidden files and folders option if it is not already turned on. To do so, follow these steps:. Double-click the drive letter that represents the hard disk on which you installed the Recovery Console. Delete the Cmdcons folder from the root folder, and then delete the Cmldr file.
Incorrectly modifying the Boot. Make sure that you delete only the entry for the Recovery Console. At the root folder, right-click the Boot.
Click to clear the Read-only check box, and then click OK. Locate the Recovery Console entry, and then delete it. Change the attribute for the Boot. Once you have selected the computers you want to send the message to, click OK. The "Configure shadow copies" option can serve to be very useful. It allows you to keep a copy of a folder at different points in time.
If there is an accidental deletion of the contents of a folder then it can be restored with this shadow copy. It also helps if the users want to view files they created in the past. Choose the volume of which you want to create a shadow copy, set the time at which you want the service to run and click OK. Alternatively, you can press "Create Now" to produce a shadow copy of the volume as it is at the present time.
If you right click on a share you can easily stop sharing that folder, view the contents of the folder by pressing Open or select Properties to bring up the window that will allow you to change permissions, set the user limit for the folder and change the description.
The rest of the options include "Refresh", which when clicked will refresh the list of shares, and "Add a shared folder", which brings up the wizard explained previously. This allows you to create and customize another shared folder. The Sessions window displays which users are in a session and how long they have been connected. It also gives you the ability to disconnect the user from the session at any time by right clicking a certain user and pressing "Close session". You can also close all sessions by clicking the "Disconnect All Sessions" option in the main window.
As you can see below, in this example, the administrator using a computer, Client02, has been connected to the session for one minute and 30 seconds, and has one file open. The "Open Files" window shows who is connected to which file and allows you to disconnect all open files at any time. Disk Defragmenter is a very useful tool which organizes files and in turn, makes file access faster. You can first analyze a partition and view the report to see whether or not degfragmentation is required.
Press the Analyze button to start the analysis - if defrag is needed, it will give you the option to start defragmentation straight away. Should you wish not to analyze first, just press the Defragment button to start the process. The Disk Management window allows you to manage disk partitions and CD-ROM drives and displays disk information in a list and graphical view.
You can change drive letters, create and format a partition, and also set quotas and security permissions from the properties of each drive. The bottom half of the screen gives a graphical view of the drives and states their name, size, file system type, and status. That concludes the File Server Management section of this article. We have taken a look at the features available in the file server management console and how to utilize them.
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